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Mathematics

Grades 5–6 Mathematics Vocabulary

25 essential words with definitions, examples, and quick-check quizzes.

Exponent
noun
A small number written above and to the right of a number that shows how many ti...
Prime Factorization
noun
The expression of a number as a product of its prime factors....
Least Common Multiple
noun
The smallest number that is a multiple of two or more numbers....
Greatest Common Factor
noun
The largest number that divides evenly into two or more numbers....
Ratio
noun
A comparison of two quantities expressed as a fraction or with a colon....
Proportion
noun
An equation stating that two ratios are equal....
Percent
noun
A number expressed as a fraction of 100, shown with the % symbol....
Inequality
noun
A mathematical statement showing that two values are not equal, using symbols li...
Coordinate Plane
noun
A two-dimensional grid with horizontal and vertical number lines used to plot po...
Quadrant
noun
One of the four sections of the coordinate plane created by the intersecting x a...
Ordered Pair
noun
Two numbers written in a specific order, usually (x, y), that identify a point o...
Absolute Value
noun
The distance of a number from zero on a number line, always positive....
Integer
noun
A whole number that can be positive, negative, or zero....
Rational Number
noun
Any number that can be expressed as a fraction of two integers....
Irrational Number
noun
A number that cannot be expressed as a simple fraction and has a non-repeating, ...
Square Root
noun
A number that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number....
Pi
noun
An irrational number (approximately 3.14) that represents the ratio of a circle'...
Circumference
noun
The distance around the edge of a circle....
Area
noun
The amount of space inside a two-dimensional shape, measured in square units....
Volume
noun
The amount of space inside a three-dimensional object, measured in cubic units....
Mean
noun
The average value of a set of numbers, found by adding them and dividing by how ...
Median
noun
The middle value in a set of numbers when they are arranged in order....
Mode
noun
The value that appears most frequently in a set of data....
Range
noun
The difference between the largest and smallest values in a set of data....
Probability
noun
The likelihood that an event will occur, expressed as a number between 0 and 1....

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